Silicon Mitigates Ammonium Toxicity in Cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis) ‘Ssamchu’

Ammonium ( NH4+ ) toxicity hinders the cabbage yield because most subspecies or varieties exhibit extreme sensitivity to id="M2">NH4+ . Current knowledge indicates that silicon (Si) can alleviate reverse ammonium severity. However, few investigations have been conducted on id="M3">NH4+ -stressed elucidate mechanism underlying Si alleviation. The study described herein analyzes induced physio-chemical changes explore how helps mitigate id="M4">NH4+ toxicity. We applied one of three id="M5">NH4+ : id="M6">NO3- ratios (0:100, 50:50, and 100:0) at a constant N (13 meq·L −1 plants, corresponding with two treatment levels (0 1.0 ). Chlorosis foliage necrosis along stunted roots occurred following 100% id="M7">NH4+ application were ameliorated in presence Si. id="M8">NH4+ ratio was reduced accordingly. Similarly, inhibition uptake K Ca, restricted photosynthesis (chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, Fv/Fm), accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS, id="M9">O2·- , H 2 O ), as well lipid peroxidation (MDA, malondialdehyde) id="M10">NH4+ cabbages mitigated added lower observed oxidative stresses solely id="M11">NH4+ -treated plants conferred by boosted antioxidant enzymes (SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase). Concomitantly, Si-treated showed higher activities key id="M12">NH4+ assimilation (GS, glutamine synthetase; GOGAT, glutamate synthase; NADH-GDH, dehydrogenase) id="M13">NH4+ content leaves. excessive id="M14">NH4+ assimilations cause acidic stress, which has demonstrated be primary id="M15">NH4+ Therefore, further investigation regarding effects + regulation distribution should warranted.